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The Oppression Remedy – Part One

Who Can Assert the Remedy? The oppression remedy is available to statutorily defined “complainants” under the Ontario Business Corporations Act (the “OBCA”) and the Canada Business Corporations [...]

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Dividends – Part One of Two

Frequently, as a corporate lawyer, I am asked to record particulars of dividends in the corporate minute book.  Usually, it is my client’s accountant who is asking me to do so. What is a [...]

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Arbitration Clauses

When I prepare commercial agreements, I draw from precedents – either from legal software, a colleague or my own repository, developed over 26 years of practice. Well drafted Agreements address [...]

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Restrictive Covenant Agreements

A Restrictive Covenant Agreement (“RCA”) is a common and important Agreement entered into to govern the rights and obligations of departing employees and shareholders. As a corporate lawyer, I [...]

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Personal Real Estate Corporations

As of October 1, 2020 (Royal Assent given, March 4, 2020), it became possible for salespersons or brokers (Realtors®) in Ontario to form their own Personal Real Estate Corporation or PREC [...]

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Continuance of Corporations

Recently, and on a number of occasions, I have been retained to assist clients with the continuance of their corporations either into or out of Ontario. The reasons for doing so vary. In two [...]

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Offers to Leases Versus Leases

When a commercial tenant is negotiating with a prospective landlord, an offer to lease, also known as an agreement to lease, often precedes the lease itself. While the actual lease is the [...]

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Ontario vs Federal Corporations

Should you incorporate your business federally or in Ontario? Understanding the differences between a Federal and Ontario corporation will ensure that your business is operating pursuant to the [...]